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• 作者：记忆斑驳 发布时间：2023-03-23 10:25:39

  童年精品

• 作者：哈雷希撒一世 发布时间：2009-05-21 15:56:24

  大一 2007

• 作者：ABOOCAT 发布时间：2013-08-26 23:34:45

  终于看完了。。。

• 作者：阿懒 发布时间：2018-07-29 20:08:20

  2018/7/25读完想读的部分章节。

• 作者：#瞬间收藏家# 发布时间：2015-06-19 15:17:26

  有耐心用维基把专名查一遍的话其实还挺有意思的 2015-03-29 在读

• 作者：越冕 发布时间：2016-03-09 14:17:34

  干货少，最后东突一段有点干货

• 备勘

  作者：Leslie Shaw 发布时间：2015-08-06 16:56:36

  1.Cronus非时间之神，详见

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronos

  Chronos is a god, serpentine shape in form, with three heads—those of a man, a bull, and a lion.He and his consort, serpentine Ananke (Inevitability), circled the primal world egg in their coils and split it apart to form the ordered universe of earth, sea and sky.

  Chronos was confused with, or perhaps consciously identified with, due to the similarity in name, the Titan Cronus already in antiquity,[1] the identification becoming more widespread during the Renaissance, giving rise to the allegory of "Father Time" wielding the harvesting scythe.

  Chronos是蛇身，三首的时间之神。Cronus是泰坦之神。形异。

  在古代，因为名字相似，Chronos就常有意无意地被与Cronus等同，文艺复兴时期，此一误解更加广泛传播，促使西方产生“Father Time”的挥舞收割镰刀的人格化时间形象。

  Chronos is usually portrayed through an old, wise man with a long, grey beard, similar to Father Time. Some of the current English words whose etymological root is khronos/chronos include chronology, chronometer, chronic, anachronism, and chronicle.

  【以上明确指出词源为Chronos的单词】

  During antiquity, Chronos was occasionally interpreted as Cronus, according to Plutarch the Greeks believed that Cronus was an allegorical name for Chronos. In addition to the name, the story of Cronus eating his children was also interpreted as an allegory to a specific aspect of time held within Cronus' sphere of influence. As the theory went, Cronus represented the destructive ravages of time which consumed all things, a concept that was definitely illustrated when the Titan king devoured the Olympian gods — the past consuming the future, the older generation suppressing the next generation. During the Renaissance, the identification of Cronus and Chronos gave rise to "Father Time" wielding the harvesting scythe.

  The original meaning and etymology of the word chronos are uncertain.

  作者认为的观点即出自以上。希腊人皆认为，不仅名字相似，Cronus吞子亦是时间吞噬一切的又一象征——过去吞噬未来，老的抑制新的。而Chronos的真正来源不明。

  欲了解详情，此网站不错：

  http://www.timelessmyths.com/

  2.关于Zeus和Jupiter

  作者的解释似过于简单化，也许因为是非学术性读物吧。维基上是这么解释的：

      The Latin name Iuppiter originated as a vocative compound of the Old Latin vocative *Iou and pater ("father") and came to replace the Old Latin nominative case *Ious. Jove is a less common English formation based on Iov-, the stem of oblique cases of the Latin name. Linguistic studies identify the form *Iou-pater as deriving from the Indo-European vocative compound *Dyēu-pəter (meaning "O Father Sky-god"; nominative: *Dyēus-pətēr).

  此外：Older forms of the deity's name in Rome were Dieus-pater ("day/sky-father"), then Diéspiter.……Dieus is the etymological equivalent of ancient Greece's Zeus and of the Teutonics' Ziu (genitive Ziewes).

      从词源学上，罗马人的Dieus与希腊人的Zeus是相等意义的，但这并不是说Jupiter就是Zeus Pater。也就是说，追本溯源，应该是这样的衍变过程：

  Dyēu-pəter（印欧语，Dyēu的意思就是sky、heaven、day，pəter确是father无误）——Iou-pater/Dieus pater——Diespiter——Iuppiter（拉丁语）——jupiter（英文）

  The Roman practice of swearing by Jove to witness an oath in law courts is the origin of the expression "by Jove!"—archaic, but still in use. The name of the god was also adopted as the name of the planet Jupiter; the adjective "jovial" originally described those born under the planet of Jupiter (reputed to be jolly, optimistic, and buoyant in temperament).

   

  另外值得关注的是，古罗马人在法庭上宣誓时必须以主神Luppiter之名，英文又称为Jove，这是俗语by Jove的语源。主神Luppiter又被用作木星的命名（不知是否因为此星体积最大？），更有趣的是，形容词jovial最初是形容出生于木星庇护下的人，并被普遍认为是具有乐观、欢快、活泼性格的人。

  Jove was the original namesake of Latin forms of the weekday now known in English as Thursday(originally called Iovis Dies in Latin). These became jeudi in French, jueves in Spanish, joi in Romanian, giovedì in Italian, dijous in Catalan, Xoves in Galician, Joibe in Friulian, Dijóu in Provençal.

  星期四原是纪念主神Luppiter的日子，拉丁文作lovis Dies（Jove's Day）。但是，英国受日耳曼文化、北欧文化影响更大，Jove也被北欧神话里的雷神Thor所取代，所以，在拉丁文化影响更深的国度里，星期四照旧是纪念天空之主神Jove的日子，法语作jeudi 西语作jueves 罗马尼亚语作joi等等，而英语的星期四却是Thursday。

  又按，维基百科Zeus条目有以下表述，姑且引用，以作参考：

  Zeus is the Greek continuation of *Di̯ēus, the name of the Proto-Indo-European god of the daytime sky, also called *Dyeus ph2tēr ("Sky Father").The god is known under this name in the Rigveda (Vedic Sanskrit Dyaus/Dyaus Pita), Latin (compare Jupiter, from Iuppiter, deriving from the Proto-Indo-European vocative *dyeu-ph2tēr), deriving from the root *dyeu- ("to shine", and in its many derivatives, "sky, heaven, god"). Zeus is the only deity in the Olympic pantheon whose name has such a transparent Indo-European etymology.

  题外话，pater作为父亲意，英文作father，patr-本身也成为一个词根，意思是保护者、赞助者，百度里peter词条说

  “德语、俄语和英语一样都作“Peter”，法语作“Pierre”（皮埃尔），西班牙语作“Pedro”（佩德罗），意大利语作“Pietro”（皮特罗），挪威语作“Peer”（皮尔），俄语“Peterov”（彼得洛夫）”

  不知道peter是否源自pater。

  3.关于 钚Plutonium 的毒性

  书中引用的数据骇人听闻、怵目惊心，其实作者并未详细考证过引文的来源，这段描述在网络上比比皆是，只字不差。然而却是彻头彻尾的谣言。

  参看果壳的这篇文章：

  http://www.guokr.com/article/13499/

  那么，Plutonium真正的命名历史是怎样的呢，维基上如此表述

  McMillan had recently named the first transuranic element neptunium after the planet Neptune, and suggested that element 94, being the next element in the series, be named for what was then considered the next planet, Pluto.Nicholas Kemmer of the Cambridge team independently proposed the same name, based on the same reasoning as the Berkeley team.Seaborg originally considered the name "plutium", but later thought that it did not sound as good as "plutonium."He chose the letters "Pu" as a joke, which passed without notice into the periodic table.Alternative names considered by Seaborg and others were "ultimium" or "extremium" because of the erroneous belief that they had found the last possible element on the periodic table.

  Edwin McMillan发现了超铀元素镎neptunium（以海王星Neptune命名），所以他建议下一个元素也以下一颗行星命名，也就是冥王星Pluto。剑桥和伯克利两地的科学家们都同时独立地想到了这个命名，真是英雄所见略同。之前元素也曾考虑过以ultimium或者extremium命名，因为科学家们都认为这将是元素周期表中的最后一个元素。如此看来，Plutonium的命名仅仅是因为前一个发现的元素被海王星Neptune冠名了，顺理成章而已。并非和冥界乃至恐怖之类的含义有关。

  4.关于solace和console

  书中将solace和console中的“sol”释为“太阳”，并据此引申出solace是“给人太阳”——安慰，console是“共同的太阳”——安慰。窃以为不妥。据Etymology Online的解释：

  solace

  "comfort in grief, consolation," late 13c., from Old French solaz "pleasure, entertainment, enjoyment; solace, comfort," from Latin solacium "a soothing, assuaging; comfort, consolation," from solatus, past participle of solari "to console, soothe," from PIE *sol-a-, suffixed form of root *sele- "of good mood; to favor" (cognates: Old English gesælig "happy;" see silly). Adjectival form solacious is attested 16c.-17c.

  因此，sol最初的意思应该是“好心情的”和“关切、喜爱”，同族词有silly，和古英语的gesælig。并非和太阳有什么联系。

  同理，console亦是如此。

  5.关于ceremony

  书中将之释为农神Cereal的同族词，私以为待榷，引etymology online

  ceremony

  late 14c., cerymonye, from Old French ceremonie and directly from Medieval Latin ceremonia, from Latin caerimonia "holiness, sacredness; awe; reverent rite, sacred ceremony," an obscure word, possibly of Etruscan origin, or a reference to the ancient rites performed by the Etruscan pontiffs at Caere, near Rome. Introduced in English by Wyclif.

  这是一个来源obscure的词汇，很有可能是Etruscan人在罗马附近一处叫做Caere的地方举行的仪式，也就是源自当地的地名。

  当然了，当地的地名是否和Cereal有关就不得而知了。

• 作文里面个人认为最好的书

  作者：王洛堇 发布时间：2009-04-24 23:20:06