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《根管治疗学·牙髓之路(第8版)》内容简介：关于“牙髓治疗方法”的争论已经持续了1个多世纪。人们不断产生新想法，迎接新挑战，发展新材料，提出新技术；同时，一些错误也被一再重复，有些治疗还在完全依靠个人的经验。在这段时期，这个被认为“小而不重要的组织”，一直在重复着历史，这促使我们选择了一种不同的方法——一条前人很少走过的路。随着对根管解剖系统的深入了解，其中有些方法和路径被证明为不可行、无用、偏离方向或没有出路；有的方法是明显的进步，有的却是退步；有的方法具有创造性，有的仅仅是重复；有的基于生理学基础，而有的仅仅依靠经验。在新千年到来之际，我们不仅需要重温这些不同的方法和路径，同时还要吸取过去几个世纪的历史经验和教训——因为它使牙髓病学（endodontology）和牙髓学（endodontics）发展变得完全不同了。

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Chief[2] Complaint

On arrival for a dental consultation, the patient should complete a thorough registration that includes information pertaining to medical and dental history (Figs. 1-1 and 1-2). This should be signed and dated by the patient, as well as initialed by the clinician as verification that all of the submitted information has been reviewed (see Chapter 29 for more information).

The reasons patients give for consulting with a clinician are often as important as the diagnostic tests performed. Their remarks serve as initial important clues that will help the clinician to formulate a correct diagnosis. Without these direct and unbiased comments, objective findings may lead to an incorrect diagnosis. The clinician may find a dental pathosis, but it may not contribute to the pathol...

Baseline[5] blood pressure and pulse should be recorded for the patient at each treatment visit. Elevation in blood pressure or a rapid pulse rate may indicate an anxious patient who may require a stress reduction protocol, or it may indicate that the patient has hypertension or other cardiovascular health problems. Referral to a physician or medical facility may be indicated. It is imperative that vital signs be gathered at each treatment visit for any patient with a history of major medical problems. The temperature of patients presenting with subjective fever or any signs or symptoms of a dental infection should be taken.57,80,105

The[6] chronology of events that lead up to the chief complaint is recorded as the dental history. This information will help guide the clinician as to which diagnostic tests are to be performed. The history should include any past and present symptoms, as well as any procedures or trauma that might have evoked the chief complaint. Proper documentation is imperative. It may be helpful to use a premade form to record the pertinent information obtained during the dental history interview and diagnostic examination. Often a SOAP format is used, with the history and findings documented under the categories of Subjective, Objective, Appraisal, and Plan. There are also built-in features within some practice management software packages that allow digital entries into the patient’s electronic fil...

Sinus[10] tracts of odontogenic origin may also open through the skin of the face (Figs. 1-9 and 1-10).2,56,64 These openings in the skin will generally close once the offending tooth is treated and healing occurs. A scar is more likely to be visible on the skin surface in the area of the sinus tract stoma than on the oral mucosal tissues (Fig. 1-10, C and D). Many patients with extraoral sinus tracts give a history of being treated by general physicians, dermatologists, or plastic surgeons with systemic or topical antibiotics or surgical procedures in attempts[11] to heal the extraoral stoma. In these particular cases, after multiple treatment failures, the patients may finally be referred to a dental clinician to determine whether there is a dental cause. Raising the awareness of physici...

On[12] occasion, a chronic endodontic infection will drain through an intraoral communication to the gingival surface and is known as a sinus tract.12 This pathway, which is sometimes lined with epithelium, extends directly from the source of the infection to a surface opening, or stoma, on the attached gingival surface. As previously described, it can also extend extraorally. The term fistula is often inappropriately used to describe this type of drainage. The fistula, by definition, is actually an abnormal communication pathway between two internal organs or from one epithelium-lined surface to another epithelium-lined surface.6

Mobility[15]

Like percussion testing, an increase in tooth mobility is not an indication of pulp vitality. It is merely an indication of a compromised periodontal attachment apparatus. This compromise could be the result of acute or chronic physical trauma, occlusal trauma, parafunctional habits, periodontal disease, root fractures, rapid orthodontic movement, or the extension of pulpal disease, specifically an infection, into the periodontal ligament space. Tooth mobility is directly proportional to the integrity of the attachment apparatus or to the extent inflammation in the periodontal ligament. Often the mobility reverses to normal after the initiating factors are repaired or eliminated. Because determining mobility by simple finger pressure can be visually subjective, the back ends o...

书籍介绍

《根管治疗学·牙髓之路(第8版)》内容简介：关于“牙髓治疗方法”的争论已经持续了1个多世纪。人们不断产生新想法，迎接新挑战，发展新材料，提出新技术；同时，一些错误也被一再重复，有些治疗还在完全依靠个人的经验。在这段时期，这个被认为“小而不重要的组织”，一直在重复着历史，这促使我们选择了一种不同的方法——一条前人很少走过的路。随着对根管解剖系统的深入了解，其中有些方法和路径被证明为不可行、无用、偏离方向或没有出路；有的方法是明显的进步，有的却是退步；有的方法具有创造性，有的仅仅是重复；有的基于生理学基础，而有的仅仅依靠经验。在新千年到来之际，我们不仅需要重温这些不同的方法和路径，同时还要吸取过去几个世纪的历史经验和教训——因为它使牙髓病学（endodontology）和牙髓学（endodontics）发展变得完全不同了。

• 作者：腾龙cc 发布时间：2018-06-23 09:01:36

  科学的半衰期只有五年，而有些知识经久不衰。

• 作者：豆子 发布时间：2020-05-06 20:27:20

  入门书籍，但感觉知识有些老久了

• 作者：baldrabbit 发布时间：2015-05-14 23:41:41

  白瞎了这个好一个topic

• 作者：风向未来吹去 发布时间：2008-10-09 18:16:50

  这个封面选的真恶心

• 作者：不许取关我 发布时间：2022-11-10 23:55:54

  经常翻翻

• 作者：童兴 发布时间：2017-10-10 14:47:24

  之前做完根管治疗 那个时候不知道做完根管治疗后那个牙就是个死牙 现在牙变黄了以后还可能变黑而且不知道在什么时候吃硬的东西牙就会裂了如果之前知道会这样肯定不会做

• 番外地，每个人的另一面

  作者：fairyta 发布时间：2023-03-16 21:57:12

  《闪光的石头》因为同事挑选了和自己同样款式，克拉数却比自己大的钻石戒指。委托在同事男友登门的一天藏匿戒指以示惩罚。

  《优雅的日常生活》健身、做饭、经营生意的黑道大佬，和他爱睡觉不爱学习没有未来规划的小女友的甜蜜日常。

  《回忆的荧幕》战后重建的年代。影院老板的独女与黑帮分子和青梅竹马未婚夫的三人行。黑帮分子和未婚夫共同经历过战场的残酷，又因为生意上的互帮互助，惺惺相惜。（好神奇）

  《冈夫人在观察》收集延趟运行证据的顽固老头又来了。人上了年岁会丧失耐性，会担心另一半摔跟头，会害怕另一半不声不响的留下自己，生活寂寞还会给自己找点乐趣。

  《由良阁下运气不好》上小学五年级的由良阁下鸡飞狗跳的一天。跟着稀里糊涂的“舅舅”蹭吃蹭喝，跟踪买春的培训班老师，铁丝勾烂了裤子，见证老师被仙人跳，同学会上帮“舅舅”解围，还要去警署提交遗失申请。

  《出逃的男人》丢下一起拼命工作、家务事也不曾偷懒、任何时候都漂漂亮亮笑容满面的妻子，独自一人住在堆满分门别类放置书籍报纸个人物品的小公寓里。最让人无法接受的是莫名其妙信赖遭到背叛，爱情遭到割裂，却没人能给出答案。（本书最爱。BE的很特别）

  《残月》儿子夭折的多田，童年恐惧支配的行天，照顾孩子的工作再尽心也没法进行啊。能令冻僵的人复苏的光和热在哪里呢？说出“就算不能全部恢复原样，也能够好起来”的行天认为那样的一天唯独不会降临在自己头上。能够安慰别人的人，自己的救赎又在哪里呢？

  （反讽健康食品，很有趣）

• 云南虫谷。。有些重口味的刺激

  作者：哆啦。 发布时间：2011-01-07 22:58:20

  鬼吹灯系列火了很久，不过最近才开始看吧。从精绝古城到昆仑神宫，云南虫谷留下的印象最为深刻了。多多少少的一些重口味。不过最为刺激。看过之后对献王这老粽子又是恨又是崇拜，不禁对我国古老的神秘的各种术法各种崇拜。不过建立在别人痛苦上的，多少还是有些狠毒了。利用别人的苦楚来增强自己的力量，真是让人不禁背后一凉。